托福真經月報-2024年9月報

01.托福寫作題型速覽 INTRODUCTION TO TOEFL WRITING QUESTIONS

📝托福寫作2種題型

• 第1題 (Writing Task 1) :整合寫作題型
• 第2題 (Writing Task 2) :學術討論寫作題型

第1題 整合寫作題 Writing Task 1

本題考生將用約3分鐘閱讀一篇文章，再用約2分鐘聽一段教授講課音檔，閱讀題目後在20分鐘內完成寫作，統整聽力中教授講課內容如何回應閱讀中的論點。

建議練習方向為練習閱讀資訊改寫(換句話說)，練習聽力資訊詳實轉述，與練習使用高分模板寫作(推薦克雷英文滿分寫作模板)。

閱讀 (3分鐘) ➤聽⼒ (約2分鐘) ➤閱讀寫作題⽬ ➤寫作 (20分鐘) 建議字數250-300字

第2題 學術討論寫作題 Writing Task 2

本題考生將在10分鐘內，閱讀教授在討論板上提出的問題與兩位同學的回覆後，完成寫作，寫作中須對於討論串有貢獻，並且附理由與舉例提出自己獨特的論點。

建議練習方向為練習快速構思立場，練習如何寫作支持細節來支持立場（推薦克雷英文托福衝刺課），與練習舉出具體事例扣題。

閱讀題⽬與寫作(10分鐘) 建議字數120-150字

02.托福整合寫作真題 TOEFL WRITING TASK 1 QUESTION

整合寫作真題題目(2024年9月真題)

閱讀題目 Reading Passage：

The Andes Mountains, stretching along the western coast of South America, are home to some of the ancient civilizations. The challenging geography, with towering peaks, steep valleys, and unpredictable weather, shaped the way people lived and built their settlements. Their constructions, made of precisely cut stone, have sparked admiration and intrigue for centuries. However, there has been ongoing debate about their true purpose. The architecture found in the Andes Mountains, especially those attributed to the Incas, presents several challenges that raise doubts about its suitability for use as fortresses.

First, the structures often lack complete enclosing walls. Unlike traditional fortifications designed for defense, many of these buildings have open areas or partial barriers. This absence of continuous walls leaves the construction more vulnerable to attacks, as invaders could easily exploit these openings to infiltrate the area.

Another concern with the Andean architecture is the number of exits. Typically, a fortress is designed with limited entry and exit points, ensuring better control over who comes in and out. However, many Andean buildings feature multiple exits, which could compromise security in times of conflict. The more openings a building has, the harder it becomes to control access and defend against intruders.

Moreover, the unique terrain of the Andes introduces difficulties in water management. The steep and rugged landscape makes it challenging to secure and store sufficient water resources. In a defensive scenario, access to water is crucial for maintaining a stronghold during a siege or prolonged occupation. However, due to the natural constraints of the region, it would be difficult to ensure a reliable water supply for a fortification. Without adequate water reserves, sustaining a defensive position over time would become nearly impossible.

聽力題目逐字稿 Lecture：

Well, what you have just read about the Andes architecture may seem convincing at first, but there are some important aspects to consider that contradict these points. First of all, it’s not entirely accurate to claim that Andean structures are vulnerable because they lack complete walls. In many cases, these buildings were constructed in areas where natural defenses, such as cliffs or steep mountainsides, made walls unnecessary. Where there was a greater risk, like on slopes or more accessible areas, walls were indeed built to provide adequate protection. So, while some areas may appear exposed, the overall strategy of the architecture took full advantage of the surrounding terrain.

Next, the idea that multiple exits make the buildings more difficult to defend isn’t entirely valid. Having more than one exit can actually be a strategic advantage. These exits were often positioned in such a way that they allowed defenders to keep a wide field of view, making it easier to spot and monitor potential invaders. Additionally, the exits themselves were usually narrow and difficult to pass through, limiting the chances of a successful breach. Far from being a vulnerability, these small exits provided effective surveillance while ensuring that attackers couldn’t easily storm the building.

Finally, the issue of water scarcity may not have been as big of a problem as it sounds. Droughts are common in the region, so the people living in the Andes were accustomed to dealing with these conditions. If an invading force attempted to siege the buildings, they would face the same water shortages and would likely retreat quickly if their assault failed. Attackers couldn’t afford to carry large amounts of water with them over such difficult terrain, so the lack of water would have been a challenge for both sides, not just the defenders.

02.托福整合寫作範文 1 TOEFL WRITING TASK 1 SAMPLE ANSWER 1

問題：

Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they respond to the specific points made in the reading passage.（2024年9月真題）

👩‍🦱整合寫作美國老師滿分示範範文- 全文(字數:267字)

The reading passage explores the suitability of Andean architecture as fortresses, and several reasons are provided in support of this argument. Although the argument seems convincing and substantiated, the lecturer casts doubts on it for the following reasons.

First, even though the reading passage suggests that the absence of complete, enclosing walls can leave the construction more vulnerable to attacks, the lecturer argues that these edifices capitalize on natural topographical defenses. She asserts that in many instances, natural barriers such as cliffs and steep terrain rendered additional fortifications unnecessary. Where vulnerabilities were more pronounced, particularly on slopes or accessible plains, walls were built for adequate protection.

Second, the reading passage claims that Andean buildings had multiple exit designs, which could decline security in times of conflict. In contrast, the lecturer refutes this by arguing that these exits were strategically advantageous. She explains that narrow exits positioned to offer a wide field of view allowed defenders to monitor invaders easily. Instead of being a vulnerability, these exits provided effective surveillance while limiting enemy access.

Last but not least, the lecturer acutely identifies the weakness in the reading passage that the issue of water scarcity may not have been as big of a problem as it sounds. She points out that water scarcity would have affected attackers and defenders alike, as the region’s environment posed challenges for both. Invaders, struggling to transport water across treacherous terrain, would find prolonged sieges unsustainable, making the lack of water less of a concern for defenders.
In conclusion, the lecturer casts doubts on the arguments made in the reading passage with concrete statements.

03.托福獨立寫作真題 TOEFL WRITING TASK 2 QUESTION

學術討論寫作真題 題目(2024年8月真題)

問題：

Your professor is teaching a class on business management. Write a post responding to the professor’s question. In your response, you should do the following:
– Express and support your opinion.
– Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.

An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

Doctor Gupta:
Some would argue that well-trained employees are more capable of maintaining competitiveness in the market. Do you think companies should invest in employees and offer them work-related classes or programs to improve their efficiency?

Paul (student 1):
Definitely, I think employees who receive additional training would feel more valued, which can boost their morale and job satisfaction. In the long run, this leads to lower turnover rates and higher retention, saving the company recruitment costs.

Kelly (student 2):
I see your point, Paul, but I think companies may face high upfront costs to implement these programs, and there’s no guarantee that employees will stay with the company long-term to provide a return on that investment.

👩‍🦱學術討論寫作滿分示範範文1（字數：138字）

I agree with Paul that investing in employees benefits companies by enhancing employee loyalty and reducing labor costs.
To add to his point, I believe that financially supporting employees to attend job-related training increases overall company productivity. Trained employees are better equipped to handle tasks across different departments and can enhance the efficiency of cross-departmental collaboration. For example, at the insurance company where I work, the actuarial department and the sales department are regularly scheduled for joint training sessions. This allows the insurance sales agents to gain a deeper understanding of the actuarial department’s risk management, while the actuarial department stays informed about the latest market dynamics. This exchange of knowledge not only improves cross-departmental collaboration but also streamlines communication and decision-making, ultimately boosting overall company productivity.
Hence, companies should provide employees with opportunities to attend training programs.

學術討論寫作滿分示範範文2（字數：145字）

I agree with Kelly that training employees can incur unaffordable costs for those who are unable to stay long-term.
To add to her point, employees would still improve their skills on their own even without financial assistance from companies. In today’s highly competitive society, employees are aware of the need to continuously enhance various job skills, such as second languages, programming abilities, and negotiation techniques. If they fall behind their peers, they may face performance pressure and even be forced to leave their jobs. For instance, John took the initiative to enroll in online courses to learn Japanese, Python, and negotiation skills during his work hours. Even though the company did not contribute any funds, he paid for these courses out of his own pocket. As a result, he successfully maintained high performance in his role.
Hence, companies should not allocate resources to training employees.

04.托福口說題型速覽 INTRODUCTION TO TOEFL SPEAKING QUESTIONS

👄托福口說部分總共有4題：

• 第1題➤獨立題型 ➤個人意見題
• 第2題➤整合題型 ➤校園情境題
• 第3題➤整合題型 ➤觀念例子題
• 第4題➤整合題型 ➤學術講課題

第1題 Speaking Task 1

題目中會提供兩個立場論述，請你擇一立場附理由解釋你的觀點，或是提供單一論點，請你附理由解釋自己同意或不同意。

看到題目➤準備 (15秒)➤口說回答 (45秒)

第2題 Speaking Task 2

題目中將提供一篇閱讀篇章(學生陳情信、校園公告等)，後播放一段聽力音檔，內容主要為2位學生的對話。閱讀以及聽完之後，考生須統整閱讀與聽力資訊作口說摘要。

閱讀 (45-50秒)➤聽力 (約1-1.5分)➤準備 (30秒)➤口說回答 (60秒)

第3題 Speaking Task 3

題目中將提供一篇閱讀篇章，內容主要為學術文章，後播放一段聽力音檔，內容主要為教授講課片對。閱讀以及聽完之後，考生須統整閱讀與聽力資訊作口說摘要。

閱讀 (45-50秒)➤聽力 (約1-1.5分)➤準備 (30秒)➤口說回答 (60秒)

第4題 Speaking Task 4

題目將播放一篇聽力音檔，內容主要為學術講課，聽完後考生須作口說摘要。

聽力 (約1-2分)➤準備 (20秒)➤口說回答 (60秒)

05.托福口說第1題真題與示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 1 QUESTION, SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

Do you think that parents should read their children’s emails or text messages without their permission? Explain why. (2024年9月真題）

🎙口說第1題 示範答案音檔

口說第1題 示範答案 逐字稿

I disagree that parents should read their children’s emails or text messages without their permission based on the following two reasons. First, I believe that it invades the child’s privacy. For example, my younger brother confides in a friend about feeling anxious at school. But if my parents read these messages without permission, he might feel betrayed, leading to a loss of trust and reluctance to share personal issues in the future. Second, I think that open communication is a better approach. For instance, instead of secretly reading messages, parents could talk openly with their child, asking how school is going and if they need any support. This builds trust and encourages the child to be honest about their experiences. This is why I feel this way.

06.托福口說第2題真題 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 2 QUESTION

口說第2題 真題(2024年7月真題)

閱讀題目 Reading

Private Study Areas for Graduate Students
The library has created dedicated private areas exclusively for graduate students, offering a quiet environment conducive to their intensive studies and research. These areas are equipped with individual desks and chairs, allowing students to focus without distractions. Additionally, each graduate student is provided with a locker for storing personal items and study materials. This design ensures that graduate students can efficiently manage their space and time, enhancing their academic productivity. The provision of private study spaces and lockers reflects the library’s commitment to supporting graduate-level academic pursuits.

聽力題目逐字稿 Conversation

Listen to a conversation between two students

A: Have you heard about the new private study areas the library set up for graduate students?

B: Yeah, it sounds like a great idea! Graduate students really need that space.

A: Exactly. As a graduate student, we have intense workloads, and we really can’t afford any distractions. I think this space can really help us to focus more on our research and studies.

B: I know right… The research projects must demand a lot of concentration.

A: Definitely. Plus, the lockers are a huge benefit. Graduate students need a lot of reference materials from the library, and carrying all of that around can be a real hassle. Having lockers means we can store everything there and not worry about transporting it back and forth.

B: That would be so convenient! Especially when we have tons of books and research materials.

A: Exactly. It’s not just about providing them with desks, but creating an environment where we can really focus and thrive. It’s great that the library is thinking about what we need to succeed academically.

B: Absolutely. Supporting us like this can really help us do better in our studies!
Explain the man’s reasons for agreeing with the university’s decision.

06.托福口說第2題示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 2 SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

The student expresses his opinion of the announcement. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion. （2024年9月真題）

🎙口說第2題 示範答案音檔

口說第2題 示範答案逐字稿

The campus announcement mentions that the library has created private study areas exclusively for graduate students, providing a quiet environment that enhances their academic productivity. The man in the listening agrees with it for a couple of reasons. First, he believes that these spaces are crucial for helping graduate students focus on their research and studies. He mentions that as a graduate student, he has an intense workload and can’t afford distractions. The private study areas are designed to provide the quiet environment needed to concentrate fully. Second, he thinks that the lockers are a significant benefit. He points out that graduate students often require numerous reference materials from the library, and carrying them back and forth can be a real hassle. With the lockers, they can securely store their materials, making it more convenient to manage their study resources. This is why he feels this way.

07.托福口說第3題真題 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 3 QUESTION

口說第3題 真題(2024年9月真題)

閱讀題目 Reading

Facilitators in Ecosystems
The concept of “facilitators” refers to new species that arrive in a damaged habitat and help improve the conditions for other organisms to survive. Rather than competing with existing species, facilitators can enhance the environment, making it more suitable for diverse life forms. This concept highlights the positive role certain species play in promoting ecosystem recovery and fostering biodiversity in disrupted habitats.

聽力題目逐字稿 Lecture

In this lecture, we’ll expand on the concept of “facilitators” in ecosystems, specifically looking at the role kelp plays as an example. As mentioned in the reading, a facilitator is a species that arrives in a damaged or disturbed habitat and helps improve the environment for other organisms. Kelp is a perfect example of this in marine ecosystems.

Imagine what happens after a powerful storm hits an underwater habitat. The rocks on the seabed often get overturned, and their surfaces become very slippery. This creates an inhospitable environment for most marine organisms, as they can no longer attach themselves to the rocks. Without stable surfaces, many species can’t establish themselves or find a suitable place to live.

Here’s where kelp comes into play. When kelp attaches itself to these slippery rocks, it changes the surface texture, making the rocks less slick and more suitable for other species to inhabit. This transformation allows various organisms, like shellfish and small invertebrates, to settle and thrive in an area that would otherwise be uninhabitable. So, in this case, kelp acts as a facilitator by improving the physical environment, creating conditions that promote the survival of other organisms. This example illustrates how facilitators can play a crucial role in ecosystem recovery by enhancing the habitat, allowing a diverse range of species to flourish.

07.托福口說第3題示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 3 SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

Using the example provided in the lecture, explain the concept of facilitators in ecosystems.（2024年9月真題）

🎙口說第3題 示範答案音檔

口說第3題 示範答案逐字稿

The reading passage discusses the concept of facilitators in ecosystems. It talks about how these are species that arrive in a damaged habitat and help improve the conditions for other organisms to survive, thereby promoting ecosystem recovery and biodiversity. The professor in the lecture gives a perfect example of this concept using kelp in marine ecosystems. The example is that after a powerful storm hits an underwater habitat, the rocks on the seabed often become very slippery, making it difficult for marine organisms to attach themselves and survive. When kelp attaches itself to these slippery rocks, it changes the texture of the surface, making the environment more suitable for other species, such as shellfish and small invertebrates, to settle and thrive. This example clearly illustrates the concept.

08.托福口說第4題真題 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 4 QUESTION

聽力題目逐字稿 Listening

In today’s lecture, we’re going to explore how birds adapt to strong winds, focusing on two specific strategies that different species use to maintain control and stability in challenging conditions.

First, let’s consider the strategy used by birds that we can call the “gliders,” such as eagles. These birds are known for their impressive ability to soar high in the sky, often with minimal wing movement. When faced with strong winds, these gliders have a unique way of adapting. Typically, they spread their wings wide to catch the wind, using it to stay aloft with little effort. However, when the wind becomes too strong, these birds adjust their wing position by briefly pulling their wings in during flight. This slight retraction, even for just a second, allows them to reduce the surface area exposed to the wind, preventing them from being blown off course or losing control. By making these quick adjustments, they can continue gliding effectively even in turbulent conditions.

On the other hand, we have birds that we can refer to as the “hoverers,” such as hummingbirds. Unlike gliders, these birds often need to remain stationary in the air, especially when feeding on nectar from flowers. Hummingbirds face a particular challenge in strong winds because they need to maintain a steady position while hovering. To do this, they employ a different strategy: they use rapid, precise movements of their tail feathers. When the wind picks up, a hummingbird will sway its tail back and forth, making small adjustments that allow it to stabilize its body. This technique enables the bird to remain in one place, ensuring that it can continue feeding without being blown away by the wind.

08.托福口說第4題示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 4 SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

Using points and examples from the lecture, explain how birds adapt to strong winds.（2024年9月真題）

🎙口說第4題 示範答案音檔

口說第4題 示範答案逐字稿

The lecturer discusses how birds adapt to strong winds, focusing on two specific strategies used by different species. First, the professor states that gliders, such as eagles, adapt by adjusting their wing position. They spread their wings wide to catch the wind and stay aloft, but when the wind becomes too strong, they briefly pull their wings in during flight. This reduces the surface area exposed to the wind, helping them maintain control and stability. Second, the professor notes that hoverers, like hummingbirds, use their tail feathers to stabilize themselves. When feeding on nectar in strong winds, hummingbirds sway their tails back and forth, making small adjustments that allow them to hover in place and avoid being blown away. These are the two strategies provided in the lecture.

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