托福真經月報-2024年4月報

01.托福寫作題型速覽 INTRODUCTION TO TOEFL WRITING QUESTIONS

📝托福寫作2種題型

• 第1題 (Writing Task 1) :整合寫作題型
• 第2題 (Writing Task 2) :學術討論寫作題型

第1題 整合寫作題 Writing Task 1

本題考生將用約3分鐘閱讀一篇文章，再用約2分鐘聽一段教授講課音檔，閱讀題目後在20分鐘內完成寫作，統整聽力中教授講課內容如何回應閱讀中的論點。

建議練習方向為練習閱讀資訊改寫(換句話說)，練習聽力資訊詳實轉述，與練習使用高分模板寫作(推薦克雷英文滿分寫作模板)。

閱讀 (3分鐘) ➤聽⼒ (約2分鐘) ➤閱讀寫作題⽬ ➤寫作 (20分鐘) 建議字數250-300字

第2題 學術討論寫作題 Writing Task 2

本題考生將在10分鐘內，閱讀教授在討論板上提出的問題與兩位同學的回覆後，完成寫作，寫作中須對於討論串有貢獻，並且附理由與舉例提出自己獨特的論點。

建議練習方向為練習快速構思立場，練習如何寫作支持細節來支持立場（推薦克雷英文托福衝刺課），與練習舉出具體事例扣題。

閱讀題⽬與寫作(10分鐘) 建議字數120-150字

02.托福整合寫作真題 TOEFL WRITING TASK 1 QUESTION

整合寫作真題題目(2024年4月真題)

閱讀題目 Reading Passage：

The dodo bird is an extinct flightless bird species that lived on the island of Mauritius, in the Indian Ocean. Written records as well as fossil remains indicate that human behavior is directly responsible for the dodo bird’s eventual extinction. There are three main ways in which humans contributed and accelerated this extinction.

First, the dodo bird was exhaustively hunted by sailors looking for an easy snack. The dodo was the perfect target. Because the dodo bird’ s natural environment lacked any significant natural predators, dodos were innately trusting and were fearless of people, making them an easy prey.

This feature, combined with lightlessness and inability to escape the hungry sailors, further contributed to their eventual demise and extinction.

Another way in which human action directly contributed to the extinction of the dodo bird is deforestation. Early sailors and settlers of Mauritius cleared large areas of forest for the construction of settlements. Deforestation destroyed the natural habitats of the dodo bird and eliminated resources the dodo depended upon for sustenance. The destruction of the forest habitats forced dodos into smaller and smaller areas meaning that they were also forced to compete with each other for resources to survive.

A third impact humans had on the dodo is disease. Sailors, in addition to bringing along their appetites, carried pathogens to which the dodo had no immunity. When these diseases were introduced into the previously isolated dodo environment, the result was a rapid decimation of the dodo bird. The dodo had no time to develop resistances and thus disappeared almost overnight.

聽力題目逐字稿 Lecture：

Of all the reasons mentioned in the reading passage, none of them entirely describe the dodo bird extinction accurately. To begin with, there are many surviving letters, journals and other documents that describe how the sailors found dodo meat to be unpalatable and tough. It is hard to believe that hungry sailors would deliberately hunt and consume an animal that was widely considered to be unpleasant.

Second, although humans did clear large areas of trees on Mauritius Island, the dodos were mostly unaffected by this activity. Dodos, being flightless birds with no known predators, made their nests on the ground. The clearing of the forests had a minimal impact on dodo reproduction and habitat resources.

The third example mentioned in the reading where humans introduced new pathogens into the Mauritius ecosystem causing rapid dodo extinction is tenuous at best. It is the opinion of many historians that adverse weather patterns and events strongly contributed to the demise of the dodo. For example, we now know that massive cyclones and typhoons struck the island over and over. This repeated unfavorable weather had a devastating impact on the dodo and was a large contributor to its extinction. As we can see, placing the blame on human action as the sole cause for dodo extinction is simply not true.

02.托福整合寫作範文 1 TOEFL WRITING TASK 1 SAMPLE ANSWER 1

問題：

Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they respond to the specific points made in the reading passage.（2024年4月真題）

👩‍🦱整合寫作美國老師滿分示範範文- 全文(字數:273字)

The reading passage provides three ways in which human behavior is the main cause of the dodo bird’s extinction, but the professor in the listening contends that each of these points is inaccurate.

First, the reading states that the dodo bird was constantly captured by hungry sailors looking for an easy snack. For instance, the dodo bird’s trusting and fearless nature made them easy prey. However, the professor points out that surviving evidence from other sailors shows that dodo meat is actually hard to consume. Therefore, it is unlikely that hungry sailors would have relied on dodo birds for food.

Second, while the reading passage mentions that deforestation destroyed the habitats of dodo birds, leading them to compete for resources, the lecturer argues that although humans did clear large areas of trees on Mauritius island, the dodo birds were unaffected. Being flightless birds with no known predators, deforestation did not impact their reproduction or habitat resources significantly.

Finally, the reading passage mentions that sailors brought diseases to the isolated environment, leading to the rapid decline of the species, as they had no time to develop resistance. However, the professor points out that the main reason for the dodo’s extinction was adverse weather patterns, such as cyclones and typhoons. These repeated unfavorable weather events had a devastating impact on the dodo population and were a significant contributor to its extinction. Thus, placing the blame solely on human actions is not accurate.

Although the reasons provided in the reading passage seem appealing at first glance, the professor in the lecture demonstrates that none of the reasons entirely explains the extinction of the dodo bird accurately.

👱‍♀️整合寫作滿分示範範文- 全文(字數:286字)

The reading passage explores how human activities contributed to the dodo bird’s extinction, and several reasons are provided in support of the argument. Although the argument seems convincing and substantiated, the lecturer casts doubts on it for the following reasons.

First, even though the reading passage suggests that the dodo birds fell prey to hungry sailors, the lecturer argues that according to historical evidence, the dodo bird’s meat was tough and the taste was far from pleasant. He believes that it is unlikely that sailors would hunt them for food. Therefore, the lecturer’s argument disproves its counterpart in the reading.

Second, the writer claims that deforestation caused dodo birds to lose their natural habitats, as early sailors and settlers destroyed the forests, forcing dodo birds into smaller areas where they have to compete with other species. Conversely, the speaker refutes the idea by explaining that deforestation activities did not significantly affect the dodo bird’s survival. Dodo birds have no predators and normally build their nests on the ground.

Last but not least, the lecturer acutely identifies the weakness in the reading that the diseases carried by sailors were not the real cause of the dodo bird’s extinction. He convincingly points out that it was due to adverse weather. Moreover, he provides an example that cyclones and typhoons hit the island repeatedly over the years, threatening the dodo bird’s survival. As a result, we are not supposed to put the blame of the declining dodo bird population merely on human actions.

In conclusion, based on the evidence provided above, it can be clearly seen that stances on both sides are contradictory. Although the contents of the reading passage seem plausible, the speaker disproves them with solid reasoning.

03.托福獨立寫作真題 TOEFL WRITING TASK 2 QUESTION

學術討論寫作真題 題目(2024年4月真題)

問題：

Your professor is teaching a class on film studies. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.
In your response, you should do the following:
– Express and support your opinion.
– Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.

An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

Doctor Diaz:
This week we looked at how the cinema-the physical building where we watch films-has evolved over the years. Now, I want you to consider this question: with so many internet streaming services available for viewing films at home, do you think cinemas will cease to exist in the future? Will a time come when people stop going to cinemas entirely? Why or why not?

Paul (student 1):
In my opinion, cinemas are here to stay. For thousands of years, people have been sharing the collective experience of watching a show, whether it was a live performance at a theater in ancient Greece or a recorded film in a cinema in today’s society. And they will continue to want that shared viewing experience.

Claire (student 2):
I agree that cinemas are becoming obsolete, but I don’t think it’s because of technology. Many of the best films these days are being produced as ten- or twelve-part miniseries, with much more focus on character development. These productions are meant to be watched on television. You don’t need a big screen to enjoy them.

👩‍🦱學術討論寫作滿分示範範文1（字數：172字）

I agree with Paul that cinemas will still exist, despite numerous online streaming services that are accessible from home. To add to his point, I believe that although the total number of cinemas in a city might decrease, they will still remain as important entertainment facilities.

For most people, going to the movies is more than just watching the film. It is about the unique experience and shared memories with family and friends. For example, I always look forward to meeting up with my friends at a cinema and choosing a film together. What excites me the most is the five minutes before the show when we hold popcorn and drinks in our hands, walk into the theater, and look for our seats. The feeling of anticipation is the highlight of the viewing experience. Moreover, laughing, gasping, and even crying with the other viewers in a dark room is an unforgettable experience.

Therefore, I do not think people will stop going to cinemas but they will treasure the unique experience even more.

學術討論寫作滿分示範範文2（字數：159字）

Claire mentioned that cinemas are becoming more unpopular in this era. To add to her point, I personally believe that people will stop going to cinemas because the convenience and flexibility of watching films at home make it a better option.

Streaming services allow viewers to watch movies at their own pace and on their own schedule. Moreover, home viewing is more comfortable and cost-effective, eliminating the need for travel and expensive cinema tickets. For example, platforms like Netflix and Amazon Prime provide a vast library of movies and series that can be watched on our own schedule. Last weekend, my family and I enjoyed a movie night at home. We watched two films, paused whenever we needed a break, and had our favorite snacks, without worrying about the high cost of cinema tickets or the inconvenience of traveling.

Hence, the convenience, flexibility, and comfort of home viewing make it a more appealing option than going to the cinema.

學術討論寫作真題 2 題目(2024年4月真題)

問題：

Your professor is teaching a class on sociology. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.
In your response, you should do the following.
– Express and support your opinion.
– Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

Doctor Achebe:
Next week, we’ll be discussing the role of museums in society, and we’ll explore the various contexts, social and otherwise, in which museums operate. Today, I’d like you to think about the benefits of museums. For a city and its residents, what do you think is the most significant advantage of having a museum located in that city? Explain why you think so.

Andrew (student 1):
Museums can inspire people in many ways. If a city has a museum, people have access to out-of-the-ordinary experiences. Whether in a room with sixteenth-century paintings or some moon rocks, being near fascinating objects from the past transports people out of their everyday lives. It can offer them a new perspective or a sense of possibility in their lives.

Claire (student 2):
Andrew makes a good point, but personally, I see greater benefit in the social aspect of museum-going. I think the biggest advantage of having a museum nearby is that people can come together for events like exhibitions and lectures or to volunteer. Museums foster a sense of community in a city. They can unite people in a common appreciation of something.

學術討論寫作滿分示範範文1（字數：163字）

Claire mentions the social benefits and functions of museums, which definitely provide more options for social gatherings and networking activities. To add to her point, I think museums help foster a sense of community among the local people.

The residents of the city learn to appreciate the history of their hometown and therefore develop a stronger sense of belonging. The better they understand their local culture, the more they love and identify with this place. Moreover, most museums are famous tourist attractions for international tourists. When meeting international people at a museum and having cross-cultural communication, people tend to reflect more on their cultural identities. For example, once I went to an exhibition featuring young Taiwanese artists, and I was asked by some international tourists about the local culture that these art pieces are based on. While explaining the details to them, I feel more connected to my country.

Therefore, I believe the most significant advantage of museums is enhancing people’s cultural identities.

學術討論寫作滿分示範範文2（字數：157字）

I agree with Andrew that museums can inspire people by offering new perspectives and a sense of possibility in their lives. However, I think the most significant advantage of having a museum in a city is its role in preserving cultural heritage.

Museums help maintain and showcase a city’s unique history and cultural identity. By preserving artifacts and artworks, museums ensure that future generations can learn about and appreciate their heritage. For example, last summer I visited the National Museum of American History in Washington, D.C. It was a transformative experience. I spent hours exploring exhibits that detailed the rich tapestry of American history. These exhibits provided a comprehensive overview of significant events and featured personal stories and artifacts. These items brought history to life, connecting me to the experiences of individuals from different eras.

Hence, by preserving and showcasing cultural heritage, museums play a vital role in maintaining a city’s identity and fostering community pride.

學術討論寫作真題 3 題目(2024年4月真題)

問題：

Your professor is teaching a class on business management. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.
In your response, you should do the following.
– Express and support your opinion.
– Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

Doctor Gupta:
This week, we will be discussing leadership; more specifically, we will be examining the various qualities found in all successful business leaders. To get you thinking about this topic, I’d like you to consider the following question: What is more important for being an effective leader of a business – excellent communication skills or a strong technical background in a particular industry?

Andrew (student 1):
The best leaders are the ones who are good communicators. If employees clearly understand what is expected of them – if their leader can articulate clearly and concisely what they need to do to achieve their goals – they will be more productive and efficient in their work.

Kelly (student 2):
It doesn’t matter how well a company’s leader communicates if they don’t have a deep understanding of the business itself. Employees aren’t going to be motivated by a company president who gives a great speech if it’s evident that the president doesn’t know what they do in their day-to-day work.

學術討論寫作滿分示範範文1（字數：175字）

Andrew mentioned that the best leaders are good communicators. To add to his point, I think good leaders should have related experiences and a basic understanding of the industry’s technical knowledge, but they do not have to be experts.

A leader’s job is to guide and pinpoint a clear direction for the team instead of working on the technical side on their own. They can outsource the technical jobs to professionals and act as the coordinators across different departments. For example, I used to work at an online school as a teacher, and my former manager set a great example of a capable leader. He might not have the best teaching skills or knowledge in the subject field, but without him, the whole team’s progress would become stagnant. He was able to solve conflicts, allocate resources, and make priorities based on the school’s long-term and short-term goals. The other teachers who had a higher level of expertise could not measure up.

Therefore, I strongly believe that communication skills are a fundamental part of leadership qualities.

學術討論寫作滿分示範範文2（字數：149字）

Kelly mentioned that it doesn’t matter how well a company’s leader communicates if they don’t have a deep understanding of the business itself. However, I believe that excellent communication skills are more important for being an effective business leader.

A leader with excellent communication skills can clearly convey the company’s vision, goals, and expectations to employees, which is essential for motivation and direction. Effective communication also helps in resolving conflicts, making informed decisions, and building strong relationships with stakeholders. For example, my previous manager was not the most technically skilled person in our department, but she was an exceptional communicator. She always made sure everyone understood our goals and how their work contributed to them. Her ability to listen and address concerns made our team more cohesive and productive.

Hence, excellent communication skills are more important for a business leader to effectively guide their team and achieve organizational success.

04.托福口說題型速覽 INTRODUCTION TO TOEFL SPEAKING QUESTIONS

👄托福口說部分總共有4題：

• 第1題➤獨立題型 ➤個人意見題
• 第2題➤整合題型 ➤校園情境題
• 第3題➤整合題型 ➤觀念例子題
• 第4題➤整合題型 ➤學術講課題

第1題 Speaking Task 1

題目中會提供兩個立場論述，請你擇一立場附理由解釋你的觀點，或是提供單一論點，請你附理由解釋自己同意或不同意。

看到題目➤準備 (15秒)➤口說回答 (45秒)

第2題 Speaking Task 2

題目中將提供一篇閱讀篇章(學生陳情信、校園公告等)，後播放一段聽力音檔，內容主要為2位學生的對話。閱讀以及聽完之後，考生須統整閱讀與聽力資訊作口說摘要。

閱讀 (45-50秒)➤聽力 (約1-1.5分)➤準備 (30秒)➤口說回答 (60秒)

第3題 Speaking Task 3

題目中將提供一篇閱讀篇章，內容主要為學術文章，後播放一段聽力音檔，內容主要為教授講課片對。閱讀以及聽完之後，考生須統整閱讀與聽力資訊作口說摘要。

閱讀 (45-50秒)➤聽力 (約1-1.5分)➤準備 (30秒)➤口說回答 (60秒)

第4題 Speaking Task 4

題目將播放一篇聽力音檔，內容主要為學術講課，聽完後考生須作口說摘要。

聽力 (約1-2分)➤準備 (20秒)➤口說回答 (60秒)

05.托福口說第1題真題與示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 1 QUESTION, SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

Do you prefer to live in a place where climate is more constant or climate that varies more?
Use specific examples and details to support your opinion. (2024年4月真題）

🎙口說第1題 示範答案音檔

口說第1題 示範答案 逐字稿

I prefer living in a place with a more constant climate, like San Diego, California. Firstly, consistent temperatures make it easier to plan activities without worrying about extreme weather. For instance, my friend who lives in San Diego enjoys surfing and jogging every morning without seasonal interruptions. In contrast, places with variable climates, like New York, experience harsh winters and hot summers, which can be uncomfortable and disrupt daily routines. Secondly, constant weather also simplifies wardrobe choices and reduces heating and cooling costs. Therefore, I prefer to live in a place with a steady climate because it enhances the quality of life by providing predictability and comfort.

06.托福口說第2題真題 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 2 QUESTION

口說第2題 真題(2024年4月真題)

閱讀題目 Reading

Sharing Plan
We are excited to introduce our new Sharing Plan! This initiative allows students to borrow items from each other for free, especially those things you don’t use often. Additionally, students can offer free services to one another, such as tutoring, bike repairs, and language lessons. By participating, you’ll save money, reduce waste, and build a stronger campus community. To join, visit our online platform to list items or services you can share and see what others are offering. Together, we can create a more sustainable and connected campus.

聽力題目逐字稿 Conversation

Listen to a conversation between two students

A: Hey, did you see the campus announcement about the new Sharing Plan?

B: Yeah, I did! I think it’s a fantastic idea.

A: Yeah, I think students could save a lot of money with this. Actually last year I bought an expensive backpack for camping. But I hardly ever use it. I think it’d be great to lend it to someone who needs it. Also, I have some kitchen gadgets I rarely touch. I’m thinking of listing those too.

B: That’s awesome. Do you think students will be willing to offer things without getting paid though?

A: Definitely! I think a lot of students would be happy to offer services and help others, even if they’re not getting paid. I mean, there’s no use for the items that we don’t use. They take up space as well.

B: You’re right. So it’s a good way to clear the items without wasting them.

A: Exactly. Plus, it’s a great way to meet new people. I can imagine borrowing something and making a new friend in the process.

B: I agree! Especially when you are offering a service.

A: Ya! We don’t often get to meet people outside of our regular classes. It’d be really nice if there’s an exchange of skills of sorts and you get a chance to interact with people from other majors.

B: I can’t wait to see different kinds of things people will start offering!

06.托福口說第2題示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 2 SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

The student expresses his opinion of the announcement. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.（2024年4月真題）

🎙口說第2題 示範答案音檔

口說第2題 示範答案逐字稿

The campus announcement mentions that the new Sharing Plan initiative allows students to borrow items and offer services to each other for free. The man in the listening agrees with it for the following reasons. First, he believes that the Sharing Plan helps students save money and allows them to lend out items they hardly ever use, like an expensive backpack for camping, for example. It helps them clear out unwanted items but not waste them. Second, he thinks that students can meet new people and make friends in the process because students don’t really meet people outside of their regular classes. If there’s such a program, there will be more chances to interact with people from other majors. This is why he thinks so.

07.托福口說第3題真題 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 3 QUESTION

口說第3題 真題(2024年4月真題)

閱讀題目 Reading

Short-term memory
Short-term memory refers to the brain’s system for temporarily storing information. Psychologists believe that short-term memory loss is caused by two factors: decay and interference. Decay happens when information fades away if it is not repeatedly used. Interference occurs when new information enters the short-term memory system and displaces the old information.

聽力題目逐字稿 Lecture

When I was in college, I had an experience that highlights how short-term memory works. One evening, I was studying in the library. After hours of reading, I decided to take a short break. Just as I was about to step out for some fresh air, my phone buzzed with a text message from a friend. She asked me to meet her at a nearby coffee shop and gave me the address: 167 Maple Street. I repeated the address to myself a few times and, confident that I had it down, headed out.

On my way to the coffee shop, I got distracted by a group of students discussing an upcoming concert. I started thinking about the concert and, by the time I snapped out of my daydream, I realized I had forgotten the address completely. The information I had held in my short-term memory had been replaced by my thoughts about the concert.

07.托福口說第3題示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 3 SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

Using the example provided in the lecture, explain the concept of short-term memory.（2024年4月真題）

🎙口說第3題 示範答案音檔

口說第3題 示範答案逐字稿

The reading passage discusses the concept of short-term memory. It talks about the brain’s system for temporarily storing information, and how short-term memory loss is caused by decay and interference. The professor in the lecture gives a perfect example. The example is about the professor receiving an address of a coffee shop through text, and repeating it to herself to remember. However, on her way to the coffee shop, she got distracted by a conversation about a concert. By the time she snapped out of her daydream, she realized she had forgotten the address completely. This distraction caused her to forget the address and her memory had been replaced by the thoughts about the concert. This example clearly illustrates the concept.

08.托福口說第4題真題 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 4 QUESTION

聽力題目逐字稿 Listening

Today, we’ll be discussing an interesting aspect of animal behavior, particularly in the context of competition and conflict among males. Many animals, before engaging in physical fights, go through a series of evaluative behaviors to test each other’s physical abilities. This behavior helps to avoid the costs associated with physical combat, such as injuries or even death.
Take male elks as an example. During the mating season, male elks compete fiercely for the opportunity to mate with females. However, these competitions don’t immediately escalate to physical confrontations. Instead, male elks engage in something like a roaring contest. Male elks will roar loudly as a display of physical fitness and vocal strength. The deeper and louder the roar, the more intimidating it is to rivals. Often, the male with the weaker or less impressive roar will back down, avoiding a fight. Another fascinating behavior is parallel walking. This involves two male elks walking parallel to each other, sizing each other up. They maintain a close distance, while observing the other’s size and physical condition. This parallel walking can continue for a considerable amount of time until one of the males, usually the one who perceives himself as weaker or less fit, decides to retreat. This retreat signifies that the other male has won the right to mate without a physical fight.

08.托福口說第4題示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 4 SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

Using points and examples from the lecture, explain how animals go through a series of evaluative behaviors to test each other’s physical abilities.（2024年4月真題）

🎙口說第4題 示範答案音檔

口說第4題 示範答案逐字稿

The lecturer discusses how male animals engage in evaluative behaviors to test each other’s physical abilities before engaging in physical fights. It mentions two behaviors that help animals to avoid the costs associated with physical fights such as injuries or death. First, the professor states that male elks use roaring contests as a way to display their physical fitness and vocal strength. During the mating season, male elks roar loudly to intimidate their rivals. Second, the professor notes that male elks engage in parallel walking to further assess each other’s physical condition. In this behavior, two male elks walk parallel to each other and observe each other’s size and overall physical condition. The one who feels weaker decides to retreat, which allows the stronger male to win the right to mate without an actual fight. These are the two examples provided in the lecture.

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